DNA + RNA
Manufacturing Services

Antibody-Oligonucleotide Conjugates (AOC)

Moving the elements of life

AOC Manufacturing

What are Antibody-Oligonucleotide Conjugates?

Antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) are hybrid therapeutics that chemically link an oligonucleotide payload (such as an siRNA or antisense oligonucleotide) to an antibody-based targeting element. The goal is to combine the gene-modulating activity and therapeutic effectiveness of oligonucleotides with antibody-driven efficient targeting to improve delivery to specific tissues and cell types, especially beyond the liver.

How AOCs work

AOCs use a targeting antibody (or antibody fragment) to bind a receptor that is highly expressed on the intended tissue and can recycle efficiently after uptake. After binding, the conjugate is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis; the linker and intracellular processing are designed so the oligonucleotide payload can reach its site of action and modulate gene expression.

Key applications

  1. Neuromuscular diseases: AOCs are being advanced clinically to deliver oligonucleotide payloads to skeletal muscle, including programs in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy type 1.
  2. Extrahepatic gene modulation: AOCs are explored to enable gene silencing or splice modulation in tissues that are harder to reach with unconjugated oligonucleotides.
  3. CNS and other hard-to-target tissues: The field is working toward targeted shuttles for challenging compartments such as the CNS, where delivery constraints remain high and receptor selection is critical.

Learn more about nucleic acid applications.

 Bioconjugation Capabilities 

Bioconjugation for AOCs at BioSpring

  • Bioconjugation and purification options available to support AOC programs
  • Optimization of bioconjugation strategies aligned with your modality, target tissue, and clinical phase
  • In-house execution or collaboration with your preferred partner, based on your development strategy
  • Integrated analytical method development and validation for conjugated molecules and intermediates
  • Release and stability testing for drug substance and drug product
  • Regulatory-ready documentation and traceability, including GMP-compliant batch records and QC packages
  • Experience with conjugated oligonucleotides, including GMP manufacturing since 2016 and commercial manufacturing since 2020
  • Fast onboarding for clinical timelines and rapid program progression

Learn more about our analytical services for nucleic acids.

Customized Manufacturing and Analytical Excellence

BioSpring Services Overview

We are supporting our clients from early small-/mid-scale manufacturing of their drug development candidates to late-stage clinical and commercial manufacturing, including all related analytical activities.

Research_to_commercial_

Our Manufacturing Services At One Glance

Research & Discovery

  • Manufacturing for R&D, lead screening & lead optimization
  • Custom manufacturing solutions & chemistries
  • High-throughput manufacturing

Learn more about our manufacturing services for research & discovery.

Preclinical

  • Early preclinical, mid-scale batch manufacturing
  • Regulatory tox batch manufacturing
  • Process development & scale-up

Learn more about our preclinical manufacturing services.

Clinical & Commercial

  • Commercial manufacturing
    & process validation
  • cGMP manufacturing for
    clinical Phase I-III (ICH Q7)
  • Process transfer, optimization
    & scale-up

Learn more about our clinical & commercial manufacturing services.

Our Analytical Services At One Glance

Analytical Services

  • Release testing for drug substance & drug product
  • Stability studies for drug substance & drug product (ICH compliant)
  • Raw material method transfer, development & validation (for API & drug product)
  • Raw material analysis
  • In-house impurity marker synthesis
  • Analytical method transfer, development & validationn
  • Stress tests / forced degradation studies
  • Reference standard characterization
  • In-process control analysis

Learn more about our analytical services for nucleic acids.

Bioanalytical Services

  • Extraction of nucleic acids from various biofluid & tissues
  • Quantification by hELISA, LC, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS & qPCR in the lower ng/mL range
  • Metabolic stability, pharmacokinetics & identification of metabolites
  • Non-GMP & GMP analyses available
  • Method validation according to ICH M10

Learn more about our nucleic acid bioanalytical services.

Your Success Begins with us

Why Choose BioSpring?

Project Management and Regulatory Support

With your success as our priority, our dedicated project managers and subject matter experts provide strategic and technical support from your initial inquiry to product delivery and beyond. Our regulatory team offers comprehensive support, handling everything from technical writing and dossier maintenance to thorough reviews of submissions like IND, NDA, BLA, and DMF filings, ensuring all documentation meets regulatory standards. Count on us to be by your side throughout the entire project lifecycle, ensuring your goals are achieved every step of the way.

Learn more about our project management and our regulatory support.

Project Management
Your success begins with us

Why Choose BioSpring?

State-of-the-Art Facilities

Our FDA-inspected facilities are designed to optimize capacity utilization and ensure rapid turnaround with high-throughput capabilities, allowing us to support versatile batch requirements for programs targeting both ultrarare and more prevalent diseases. Equipped to manage every aspect of oligonucleotide and mRNA manufacturing and analysis—from small-scale preclinical batches to commercial-scale production—BioSpring brings nearly three decades of experience to ensure your nucleic acid programs are delivered on time and meet the highest quality standards.

Learn more about our facilities.

Facilities
Your success begins with us

Why Choose BioSpring?

Comprehensive Services

At BioSpring, we provide a full suite of manufacturing and analytical services to support your project from start to finish. Whether you’re in the early phases of your therapeutic oligonucleotide/mRNA program or looking to scale up production, we’ve got you covered.

Learn more on our manufacturing and analytical services.

Comprehensive Services
Your success begins with us

Why Choose BioSpring?

Decades of Expertise

With almost 30 years of experience in oligonucleotide process chemistry, we have been at the forefront of nucleic acid technology, advancing the limits in nucleic acid manufacturing and analysis. Since achieving cGMP certification in 2007, we have continuously upheld the highest standards in quality and compliance. Our commitment to excellence and almost a decade of commercial experience helps you harness the full therapeutic potential of oligonucleotide- and mRNA-based therapies​​.

Learn more about our history.

Experience
Your success begins with us

Why Choose BioSpring?

Flexible Timelines

We understand that timing is everything in drug development. That’s why our services are designed with flexibility in mind. From clinical trials to commercial production, we work closely with you to meet your goals efficiently and on schedule. No matter where you are in your development cycle, we ensure that our services align with your unique timeline​.

Flexible timelines

Learn more about our solutions

Keep Exploring

Learn more about the nucleic acids we can manufacture for you:

ASOs, CpG ODNs, guide RNAs, mRNAs, XNA, & more

Learn more about the manufacturing grades we offer for your nucleic acids: 

cGMP - Commercial / Clinical, Pre-GMP, Preclinical,
Research, Diagnostics